https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.04956

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Microbiome and Respiratory Diseases: A Study Using a Novel Non‐invasive Saliva Sample Collection Method

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

4-2020

Abstract

Microbiome studies are contributing to decipher the role of the microbiota in a spectrum of human disorders. However, current sample collection methods often limit the feasibility of Bacteriome approaches to study respiratory diseases such as allergic rhinitis and asthma. Most are invasive such as bronco-alveolar lavage, lung brushing, and lung biopsy, and other as the nasopharyngeal swabbing causes inflammatory reactions. Non-invasive methods, such as induced sputum sampling, had shown comparable results of representative microbiota to those with lung brushing. However, most population-based studies used the non-invasive oral washing method (OWM). Studies showed that OMW is the least comparable to any invasive sampling. Usually, oral wash bacteriome outcomes show non-informative respiratory disease-related data because the identified taxa are mostly oral, periodontal, and nasopharyngeal commensals or area-specific pathological microbiota. The objective of this study was to evaluate the salivary Bacteriome in participants with and without allergic rhinitis using a novel saliva collection method. This method considers the contribution of the mucociliary clearance (MCC) process as part of a comprehensive bacteria-representative model to study respiratory tract diseases. Protocols were approved by the Ponce Health Sciences University IRB #171205-ES. As part of the method, participants washed their mouths at night. Then, the following morning before mouth washing, they collected the saliva from deep in the throat and inner mouth. DNA from saliva samples was isolated, and 16S amplicons of 300bp were sequenced using the MiSeq platform. Analyses for allergic rhinitis and microbiome associations included Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), Chao1, Shannon, Simpson, Weighted Unifrac, and NMDS PERMANOVA. We identified seven bacterial taxonomic levels, including for species. The alfa diversity showed differences in allergic and non-allergic participants employing OTUs and Shannon using the Mann-Whitney U test (p< 0.05). More importantly, NMDS PERMANOVA effectively categorized allergic and non-allergic individuals (p< 0.05). We identified bacteria taxa not previously reported using the OMW. Based on these results, we concluded that the novel non-invasive saliva collection method provided robustly, representative, and informative bacteriome results that can be adopted to study other respiratory diseases such as asthma and those with MCC-related illnesses.

Publication

The FASEB Journal

Publisher

John Wiley and Sons Inc.

Volume

34

Issue

S1

Department

College of Arts and Sciences

Peer Reviewed

1

Publication History

Issue Online: 18 April 2020 | Version of Record: online: 18 April 2020

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